Yoast SEO: change the OpenGraph image output
These filters allow altering an existing OpenGraph image and/or adding images to the output.
Usage
Alter the OpenGraph image for a single post
If an og:image already exists for the page/post/archive, it is replaced by the new one returned by the filter. If there is no og:image, nothing is done by the filter.
<?php
/**
 * Alter the OpenGraph image for a single post
 */
function alter_existing_opengraph_image( $image ) {
    $image_id = $an_image_id;
    $post_id = $a_post_id;
    if ( is_single( $post_id ) ) {
        $image = wp_get_attachment_image_src( $image_id )[0];
    }
    return $image;
}
add_filter( 'wpseo_opengraph_image', 'alter_existing_opengraph_image' );
Add an extra image to the top of the og:image tags array
The wpseo_add_opengraph_images filter allows to add an extra image to the top of the og:image tags array. Each image added through the filter will have og:image, og:image:width and og:image:height tags.
<?php
/**
 * Add an extra image to the top of the og:image tags array
 */
function add_image_to_opengraph_tags( $image_container ) {
    $image_id = $some_id;
    $image_container->add_image_by_id( $image_id );
}
add_filter( 'wpseo_add_opengraph_images', 'add_image_to_opengraph_tags' );
Add an image to the end of the og:image tags array
The wpseo_add_opengraph_additional_images filter allows to add an image to the end of the og:image tags array. Each image added through the filter will have og:image, og:image:width and og:image:height tags.
<?php
/**
 * Add an image to the end of the og:image tags array
 */
function add_additional_image_to_opengraph_tags( $image_container ) {
    $image_id = $some_id;
    $image_container->add_image_by_id( $image_id );
}
add_filter( 'wpseo_add_opengraph_additional_images', 'add_additional_image_to_opengraph_tags' );